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- ===========================================================================
- CA-91:18 CERT Advisory
- September 27, 1991
- Active Internet tftp Attacks
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- The Computer Emergency Response Team/Coordination Center (CERT/CC) would
- like to alert you to automated tftp probes that have been occurring over
- the last few days. These probes have attacked Internet sites throughout
- the world and in most cases the file retrieved was /etc/passwd. However,
- other files such as /etc/rc may have been retrieved.
-
- The CERT/CC is working with the site(s) that were used by intruders
- to launch the attacks. We are actively contacting those sites where we
- believe the retrievals were successful. We are urging all sites to
- carefully check their system configurations concerning tftp usage.
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- I. Description
-
- Unrestricted tftp access allows remote sites to retrieve
- a copy of any world-readable file.
-
- II. Impact
-
- Anyone on the Internet can use tftp to retrieve copies of a
- site's sensitive files. For example, the recent incident
- involved retrieving /etc/passwd. The intruder can later
- crack the password file and use the information to login
- to the accounts. This method may provide access to the
- root account.
-
- III. Solution
-
- A. Sites that do not need tftp should disable it immediately by
- editing the system configuration file to comment out, or remove,
- the line for tftpd. This file may be /etc/inetd.conf, /etc/servers,
- or another file depending on your operating system. To cause
- the change to be effective, it will be necessary to restart
- inetd or force inetd to read the updated configuration file.
-
- B. Sites that must use tftp (for example, for booting diskless
- clients) should configure it such that the home directory is changed.
- Example lines from /etc/inetd.conf might look like:
-
- ULTRIX 4.0
- tftp dgram udp nowait /etc/tftpd tftpd -r /tftpboot
-
- SunOS 4.1
- tftp dgram udp wait root /usr/etc/in.tftpd in.tftpd -s /tftpboot
-
- As in item A. above, inetd must be restarted or forced to read
- the updated configuration file to make the change effective.
-
- C. If your system has had tftp configured as unrestricted, the CERT/CC
- urges you to consider taking one of the steps outlined above and
- change all the passwords on your system.
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- If you believe that your system has been compromised, contact CERT/CC via
- telephone or e-mail.
-
- Computer Emergency Response Team/Coordination Center (CERT/CC)
- Software Engineering Institute
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890
-
- Internet E-mail: cert@cert.sei.cmu.edu
- Telephone: 412-268-7090 24-hour hotline:
- CERT/CC personnel answer 7:30a.m.-6:00p.m. EST/EDT,
- on call for emergencies during other hours.
-
- Past advisories and other computer security related information are available
- for anonymous ftp from the cert.sei.cmu.edu (192.88.209.5) system.
-